Geographic map of Carinthia The state stretches about 180 km (110 mi) in east-west and 70 km (43 mi) in north-south direction. With 9,536 km 2 (3,682 sq mi) it is the fifth largest Austrian state by area. Most of the larger Carinthian towns and lakes are situated within the Klagenfurt Basin in the southeast, an inner Alpine covering about one fifth of the area.

With all due respect, Professor Boyd, your argument is not at all compelling. It seems that you are taking the 'thinking outside the box' (TOTB) metaphor much more.

These Lower Carinthian lands differ from the mountainous Upper Carinthian region in the northwest, stretching up to the. The Carinthian lands are confined by mountain ranges: the and the form the border to the Italian of and. The mountain range with Mt, 3,797 m (12,457.35 ft), separates it from the state of in the northwest. To the northeast and east beyond the mountain pass is the state of.

The main river of Carinthia is the ( Drau), it makes up a continuous valley with to the west. Tributaries are the, the, the, and the rivers. Carinthia's lakes including,,, and are a major tourist attraction. Replica of a Roman bronze statue unearthed near (, Vienna) About 300 BC, several and tribes joined together in the, centered on the capital, possibly located in the basin near the later Roman city of.

Known for the production of salt and iron, the Kingdom maintained intensive trade relations with peoples and over the centuries extended the borders of its realm up to the in the north. The incorporated Noricum in 15 BC. Beside the administrative seat of Virunum, the cities of, Santicum (Villach) and Iuenna () arose as centres of Roman culture. The Noricum remained strategically important as a mining area for iron, gold and lead and as an agricultural region. In the reign of the Emperor (245–313) Noricum split into two provinces: Teurnia became the administrative seat of Noricum mediterraneum ('landlocked Noricum', the district south of the ). Teurnia also became an Early Christian episcopal see. As the Roman Empire declined in the 5th century AD, the Noricum region became exposed to recurring campaigns of tribes, whereupon the population retired to hilltop settlements.

In 408 troops under King entered Noricum from Italy across the and forged an alliance with the Roman commander, who as a result was deposed and executed for high treason (August 408). From 472 and forces campaigned in Noricum, which became a province of 's in 476 and of the from 493. On the death of King in 526, the Italian kingdom finally collapsed and the East Roman empire under temporarily conquered the Noricum region in the course of the of 535 to 554. Carantania [ ]. Prince's Stone, exhibited at the Landhaus Klagenfurt From 591 onwards, the king tried to break into the former Noricum region, and settlers entered the area from the in the west. They were however repulsed by tribes, who, beset by horsemen moved into present-day Carinthia from the east. About 600 the Slavic principality of arose, stretching along the valleys of the, and rivers.

The remaining Celto-Roman population was largely assimilated, jointly challenging Avar and Frankish advance. The name Carontani was first mentioned about 700; the lands of Carantanum were documented by the chronicler (d. The principality was again centered on the historic Zollfeld valley, where the bears witness to the ritual of the investiture of the Carantanian rulers. Terapia Doktora Gersona Ebook3000 there. While initially the Carantanian rulers joined the tribal union of, Prince around 743 turned to Duke of to ask for support against the Avar invaders. Aid was granted, however at the price of Bavarian overlordship.

The Carantanian principality became part of the Bavarian, while the area was for the second time by missionaries from the. Bishop had Prince Boruth's son Cacatius and his nephew Cheitmar brought up in Christian faith. In 767, at their request, the bishop sent to Carantania as a and had churches built at Teurnia and. Upon a pagan uprising in 772, the forces of Odilo's son Duke again subdued the Carantanian lands. In 788, Duke Tassilo III was finally deposed by the Frankish king, and his territories were incorporated into the. By the 843, the former Carantanian lands fell to the kingdom of ruled by Charlemagne's grandson. The ritual of installation of the Carantanian dukes at the Prince's Stone near Karnburg in Slovenian was preserved until 1414, when was enthroned as Duke of Carinthia.

Duchy of Carinthia [ ]. See also: and The arose in 889 from the territory bequeathed by Louis's son, king of from 865 to 880, to his natural son. Arnulf had already assumed the title of a Carinthian duke in 880 and followed his uncle as King of Bavaria and East Francia in 887. The was finally split from the vast Bavarian duchy in 976 by, having come out victorious from his quarrels with Duke. Carinthia therefore was the first newly created duchy of the and for a short while comprised lands stretching from the almost to the. In 1040, the was separated from it and c. 1180 Styria, the 'Carinthian March', became a duchy in its own right. After the death of Duke in 1335, Carinthia passed to the Habsburg brothers Albrecht II.

And, and was ruled by this dynasty until 1918. After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire 1806, Carinthia was incorporated in the 's which succeeded Napoleon's, but recovered its previous status in 1849 and in 1867 became one of the ' of. Free Download Software Hacker Facebook Terbaru. Formation of the state [ ].

Road bridge across the reservoir of the river at Unterschlossberg, Koettmannsdorf, Klagenfurt, Carinthia, Austria After the end of the, however, Carinthia became a contested region. On 5 November 1918, the first armed militia units led by the Slovene volunteer invaded Carinthia and were then joined by Slovene troops under. With the subsequent assistance of the regular Yugoslav army they occupied southern Carinthia claiming the area for the ( Kraljevina Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca, or SHS) also known as. The provisional state government of Carinthia had fled to and in view of the ongoing fighting between local volunteers and invaders on 5 December decided to declare armed resistance.

The resistance encountered by the Yugoslav forces especially north of the river around the town of with its violent fighting alarmed the victorious at the. An Allied Commission headed by U.S. Inspected the situation in situ and recommended the Karawanken main ridge as a natural border to keep the intact but, in agreement with item no. 10 of 's, suggested a referendum in the disputed area. An armistice was agreed upon on 14 January and by 7 May 1919 the Yugoslav forces had left the state, but regular troops under returned occupying Klagenfurt on 6 June.

Upon the intervention of the Allied Supreme Council in Paris they retreated from the city but remained in the disputed part of Carinthia until 13 September 1920. In the of 10 September 1919, the two smaller Slovene-speaking Carinthian valleys south of the range, and the valley around the River (Mežiška dolina), together with the town of —together 128 square miles or 331 km 2 (127.80 sq mi)—were attached to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as ): These areas are today part of Koroška in the, a traditional region also referred to as.

The Kanaltal (Italian: Val Canale) as far south as, at that time an ethnically mixed German-Slovene area, [ ] with the border town of (: Tarvis,: Trbiž) and its holy place of pilgrimage of Maria Luschari (: Svete Višarje) (172 square miles or 445 km²), was ceded to and included in the. According to the same treaty, a was to be held in southern Carinthia as suggested by the Allied Commission, which was to determine whether the area claimed by the SHS-State was to remain part of Austria or go to Yugoslavia.

Much of southern Carinthia was divided into two zones. Zone A was formed out of predominantly Slovene-inhabited zones (approximately corresponding to today's, the district of south of lake, and the south-eastern part of the present district of ), while Zone B included the City of Klagenfurt, and the immediately surrounding rural areas where German speakers formed a vast majority. If the population in Zone A had decided for Yugoslavia, another referendum in Zone B would have followed. On 10 October 1920, the was held in Zone A, with almost 60% of the population voting to remain in Austria, which means that about 40% of the Slovene-speaking population must have voted against a division of Carinthia. In view of the close supervision of the referendum by foreign observers, as well as the Yugoslav occupation of the area until four weeks prior to the referendum, irregularities alleged by the deeply disappointed Yugoslav supporters would not have substantially altered the overall decision. Yet, after the plebiscite, the SHS-State again made attempts to occupy the area, but owing to demarches by Great Britain, France, and Italy removed its troops from Austria so that, by 22 November 1920, the State Diet of Carinthia was at last able to exercise its sovereignty over the entire state.

After World War I to present [ ].