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Al Jazeera Arabic Building Al Jazeera's first day on the air was 1 November 1996. It offered 6 hours of programming per day; increased to 12 hours by the end of 1997.

It was broadcast to the immediate neighborhood as a terrestrial signal, and on cable, as well as through satellites (which was also free to users in the Arab world), although Qatar, and many other Arab countries, barred private individuals from having satellite dishes until 2001. At the time of Al Jazeera's launch was the only satellite broadcasting to the Middle East, and for the first year could only offer Al Jazeera a weak transponder that needed a large satellite dish for reception. A more powerful transponder became available as a peace-offering after its user,, accidentally beamed 30 minutes of pornography into ultraconservative Saudi Arabia. Al Jazeera was not the first such broadcaster in the Middle East; a number had appeared since the Arabsat satellite, a Saudi Arabia-based venture of 21 Arab governments, took orbit in 1985.

The unfolding of on underscored the power of live television in current events. While other local broadcasters in the region would assiduously avoid material embarrassing to their home governments (Qatar had its own official TV station as well), Al Jazeera was pitched as an impartial news source and platform for discussing issues relating to the Arab world. In presenting 'The opinion and the other opinion' (the station's motto), it did not take long for Al Jazeera to shock local viewers by presenting Israelis speaking on Arab television for the first time. [ ] Lively and far-ranging talk shows, particularly a popular, confrontational one called The Opposite Direction, were a constant source of controversy regarding issues of morality and religion.

This prompted a torrent of criticism from the conservative voices among the region's press. It also led to official complaints and censures from neighboring governments. Some jammed Al Jazeera's terrestrial broadcast or expelled its correspondents.

In 1999, the Algerian government reportedly cut power to several major cities in order to censor one broadcast. There were also commercial repercussions: Saudi Arabia reportedly pressured advertisers to avoid the channel, to great effect. Al Jazeera was the only international news network to have correspondents in Iraq during the bombing campaign in 1998.

In a precursor of a pattern to follow, its exclusive video clips were highly prized by media. Around the clock [ ] 1 January 1999 was Al Jazeera's first day of 24-hour broadcasting. Employment had more than tripled in one year to 500 employees, and the agency had bureaus at a dozen sites as far as EU and Russia. Its annual budget was estimated at about $25 million at the time. However controversial, Al Jazeera was rapidly becoming one of the most influential news agencies in the whole region.

Eager for news beyond the official versions of events, Arabs became dedicated viewers. A 2000 estimate pegged nightly viewership at 35 million, ranking Al Jazeera first in the Arab world, over the Saudi Arabia-sponsored (MBC) and London's (ANN). There were about 70 satellite or terrestrial channels being broadcast to the Middle East, most of them in Arabic.

Al Jazeera launched a free Arabic-language web site in January 2001. In addition, the TV feed was soon available in United Kingdom for the first time via. War in Afghanistan [ ] Al Jazeera came to the attention of many in the West during the hunt for and the in Afghanistan after the on the United States. It aired videos it received from Osama bin Laden and the Taliban, deeming new footage of the world's most wanted fugitives to be newsworthy.

Some criticized the network for giving a voice to terrorists. Al Jazeera's Washington, D.C., bureau chief, Hafez al-Mirazi, compared the situation to that of the 's messages in. The network said it had been given the tapes because it had a large Arab audience. Many other TV networks were eager to acquire the same footage.

CNN International had exclusive rights to it for six hours before other networks could broadcast, a provision that was broken by the others on at least one controversial occasion. Prime Minister soon appeared on an Al Jazeera talk show on 14 November 2001 to state Britain's case for pursuing the Taliban into Afghanistan. Al Jazeera's prominence rose during the war in Afghanistan because it had opened a bureau in before the war began. This gave it better access for videotaping events than other networks, which bought Al Jazeera's footage, sometimes for as much as $250,000. The Kabul office was destroyed by United States bombs in 2001.

Looking to stay ahead of possible future conflicts, Al Jazeera then opened bureaux in other troubled spots. The network remained dependent on government support in 2002, with a budget of $40 million and ad revenues of about $8 million.

It also took in fees for sharing its news feed with other networks. It had an estimated 45 million viewers around the world. Al Jazeera soon had to contend with a new rival,, an offshoot of the, which was set up in nearby Dubai with Saudi financial backing. 2003 Iraq War [ ] Before and during the United States-led invasion of Iraq, where Al Jazeera had a presence since 1997, the network's facilities and footage were again highly sought by international networks. The channel and its web site also were seeing unprecedented attention from viewers looking for alternatives to embedded reporting and military press conferences.

Al Jazeera moved its sports coverage to a new, separate channel on 1 November 2003, allowing for more news and public affairs programming on the original channel. An English language web site had launched earlier in March 2003.

The channel had about 1,300 to 1,400 employees, its newsroom editor told. There were 23 bureaux around the world and 70 foreign correspondents, with 450 journalists in all. On 1 April 2003, a United States plane fired on Al Jazeera's bureau, killing reporter Tareq Ayyoub. The attack was called a mistake; however, Qatar had supplied the US with a precise map of the location of the bureau in order to spare it from attack. Became the channel's first English-language broadcast journalist after he left the BBC Today Programme, after the death of UK government scientist. 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis [ ] The closing of Al Jazeera was one of the terms of diplomatic reestablishment put forward by,, and during the.

On 23 June 2017, the countries that cut ties to Qatar issued a list of demands to end the major crisis, insisting that Qatar shut down the Al Jazeera network, close a Turkish military base and scale down ties with Iran. The call, included in a list of 13 points, read: 'Shut down Al Jazeera and its affiliate stations.' Agencies, media outlets, journalists and media rights organisations have decried the demands to close Al Jazeera as attempts to curb press freedom, including Reporters Without Borders; CPJ; IFEX; The Guardian and the New York Times. Earlier, Saudi and the UAE blocked Al Jazeera websites; Saudi Arabia closed Al Jazeera's bureau in Riyadh and halted its operating licence, accusing the network of promoting 'terrorist groups' in the region; and Jordan also revoked the licence for Al Jazeera. Saudi Arabia also banned hotels from airing Al Jazeera, threatening fines of up to $26,000 for 'violators'. On 6 June, just days after the Saudi-led group had cut ties with Qatar, Al Jazeera was a victim of a cyber attack on all of its platforms.

Qatari Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, has said Doha will not discuss the status of Al Jazeera in any negotiations. 'Doha rejects discussing any matter related to Al Jazeera channel as it considers it an internal affair,' Qatar News Agency quoted the foreign minister as saying. 'Decisions concerning the Qatari internal affairs are Qatari sovereignty - and no one has to interfere with them.' On 24 November 2017 UAE's head of security Dhahi Khalfan blamed on Al Jazeera and called for bombing of Al Jazeera by Saudi-led coalition. Organization [ ] The original Al Jazeera channel was launched 1 November 1996 by an emiri decree with a loan of 500 million (US$137 million) from the, Sheikh. By securing its funding through loans or grants rather than direct government subsidies, the channel seeks to maintain independent editorial policy. The channel began broadcasting in late 1996, with many staff joining from the 's Saudi-co-owned Arabic-language TV station, which had shut down on 1 April 1996 after two years of operation because of censorship demands by the Saudi Arabian government.

The Al Jazeera logo is a decorative representation of the network's name written using. It was selected by the station's founder, Emir of Qatar Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa, as the winning entry in a design competition. Former Director General of Al Jazeera restructured its operations to form a network that contains all their different channels., the then managing director of the Arabic Channel, was appointed as the director general of. He also acted as the managing director of the Arabic Channel.

Khanfar resigned on 20 September 2011 proclaiming that he had achieved his original goals, and that 8 years was enough time for any leader of an organization, in an interview aired on Al Jazeera English. Replaced Khanfar and served as the director general of the channel from September 2011 to June 2013 when he was appointed minister of economy and trade. The chairman of the channel is. The Director General and editor-in-chief of the Arabic website is Mostefa Souag, who replaced as editor-in-chief.

It has more than 100 editorial staff. The managing director of Al Jazeera English is Al Anstey. Became editor-in-chief of the English-language site in 2009. Previous editors include Beat Witschi and Russell Merryman.

Prominent on-air personalities include, host of the talk show The Opposite Direction, Ahmed Mansour, host of the show Without Borders (bi-la Hudud) and Sami Haddad. Its former Iran and Bureau Chief was.

He became an influential figure on Al Jazeera with his program Hiwar Maftuh, one of the most frequently watched programs. He also interviewed in 2007 and produced a documentary about.

Some suggested that he would even replace Wadah Khanfar. Bin Jiddo resigned after political disagreements with the station.

Ossama AlBayati is an art director for film and television specialized in network branding. Ossama made several projects that received in Dubai, Los Angeles and Europe. [ ] Reach [ ] Many governments in the Middle East deploy state-run media or government censorship to impact local media coverage and public opinion, leading to international objections regarding press freedom and biased media coverage. Some scholars and commentators use the notion of, which highlights the tension between objectivity and audience appeal, to describe the station's controversial yet popular news approach.

Increasingly, Al Jazeera's exclusive interviews and other footage are being rebroadcast in American, British, and other such as CNN and the BBC. In January 2003, the BBC announced that it had signed an agreement with Al Jazeera for sharing facilities and information, including news footage. Al Jazeera's availability (via satellite) throughout the Middle East changed the television landscape of the region.

Prior to the arrival of Al Jazeera, many Middle Eastern citizens were unable to watch TV channels other than state-controlled national TV stations. Al Jazeera introduced a level of on TV that was previously unheard of in many of these countries. Al Jazeera presented controversial views regarding the governments of many Arab states on the Persian Gulf, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar; it also presented controversial views about Syria's relationship with Lebanon, and the Egyptian judiciary. Critics accused Al Jazeera of sensationalism in order to increase its audience share.

Al Jazeera's broadcasts have sometimes resulted in drastic action: for example, when, on 27 January 1999, critics of the Algerian government appeared on the channel's live program El-Itidjah el-Mouakass ('The Opposite Direction'), the Algerian government cut the electricity supply to large parts of the capital Algiers (and allegedly also to large parts of the country) to prevent the program from being seen. At the time of the aforementioned incident in Algeria, Al Jazeera was not yet generally known in the Western world, but where it was known, opinion was often favorable and Al Jazeera claimed to be the only independent television station in the Middle East. However, it was not until late 2001 that Al Jazeera achieved worldwide recognition, when it broadcast video statements by leaders.

Some observers have argued that Al Jazeera has formidable authority as an opinion-maker. Noah Bonsey and Jeb Koogler, for example, writing in the, argue that the way in which the station covers any future Israeli-Palestinian peace deal could well determine whether or not that deal is actually accepted by the Palestinian public. The channel's tremendous popularity has also, for better or worse, made it a shaper of public opinion. Its coverage often determines what becomes a story and what does not, as well as how Arab viewers think about issues. Whether in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, or Syria, the stories highlighted and the criticisms aired by guests on Al Jazeera's news programs have often significantly affected the course of events in the region. In Palestine, the station's influence is particularly strong. Program Latihan Fisik Futsal Tactics.

Recent polling indicates that in the West Bank and Gaza, Al Jazeera is the primary news source for an astounding 53.4 percent of Palestinian viewers. The second and third most watched channels, Palestine TV and Al Arabiya, poll a distant 12.8 percent and 10 percent, respectively.

The result of Al Jazeera's market dominance is that it has itself become a mover and shaker in Palestinian politics, helping to craft public perceptions and influence the debate. This has obvious implications for the peace process: how Al Jazeera covers the deliberations and the outcome of any negotiated agreement with Israel will fundamentally shape how it is viewed—and, more importantly, whether it is accepted—by the Palestinian public. Al Jazeera's broad availability in the Arab world 'operat[ing] with less constraint than almost any other Arab outlet, and remain[ing] the most popular channel in the region', has been perceived as playing a part in the, including the and. The stated in January 2011: 'The protests rocking the Arab world this week have one thread uniting them: Al Jazeera,. Whose aggressive coverage has helped propel insurgent emotions from one capital to the next.'

The newspaper quoted Marc Lynch, a professor of Middle East Studies at: 'They did not cause these events, but it's almost impossible to imagine all this happening without Al Jazeera.' With Al Jazeera's growing global outreach and influence, some scholars including have described the station as a transformation of the very definition of '.' Al Jazeera presents a new direction in the discourse of global news flow and shows voices underrepresented by traditional mainstream media regardless global imbalances in the flow of information. Expansion outside the Middle East [ ] In 2011 Al Jazeera Media Network launched based in and serving in, and. The look and feel of the network is similar to Al Jazeera English. Al Jazeera launched a in 2014; it was shut down on 3 May 2017. Al Jazeera English [ ].

Newsroom In 2003 Al Jazeera hired its first English-language journalists, among whom was, from the BBC's. In March 2003 it launched an English-language website. On 4 July 2005 Al Jazeera officially announced plans to launch a new English-language satellite service to be called. The new channel started at 12h on 15 November 2006 under the name and has broadcast centers in Doha (next to the original Al Jazeera headquarters and broadcast center), London, and Washington D.C. The channel is a 24-hour, 7-days-a-week news channel, with 12 hours broadcast from Doha, and four hours each from London, Kuala Lumpur, and Washington D.C.

Al Jazeera launched an English language channel, originally called Al Jazeera International, in 2006. Among its staff were journalists hired from 's and other top news outfits., a former media handler for during the Iraq war, agreed to provide commentary; was also on board. In an interesting technical feat, the broadcast of the new operation was handed off between bases in Doha, London, Washington, D.C., and Kuala Lumpur on a daily cycle. The new English language venture faced considerable regulatory and commercial hurdles in the North America market for its perceived sympathy with extremist causes. At the same time, others felt Al Jazeera's competitive advantage lay in programming in the Arabic language.

There were hundreds of millions of potential viewers among the non-Arabic language speaking Muslims in Europe and Asia, however, and many others who might be interested in seeing news from the Middle East read by local voices. If the venture panned out, it would extend the influence of Al Jazeera, and tiny Qatar, beyond even what had been achieved in the station's first decade. In an interesting twist of fate, the BBC World Service was preparing to launch its own Arabic language station in 2007. Today, evidence of U.S. Antipathy at the Arabic network has dissipated significantly, though not entirely, several analysts say. Al Jazeera America [ ]. Main article: In January 2013, purchased, which was partially owned by former U.S.

Vice President Al Gore. Using part of Current TV's infrastructure, Al Jazeera launched an American news channel on 20 August 2013. Though Current TV had large distribution throughout the United States on cable and satellite television, it averaged only 28,000 viewers at any time. The acquisition of Current TV by Al Jazeera allowed to drop the network due to its low ratings, but they released a statement saying that they would consider carrying the channel after they evaluated whether it made sense for their customers. Time Warner Cable later began carrying Al Jazeera America in December 2013.

In August 2014 Gore and fellow shareholder launched a lawsuit against Al Jazeera claiming a residual payment of $65 million of the sale proceeds, due in 2014, remained unpaid. Al Jazeera later announced a countersuit. In 2016, the case was settled outside of court on the basis of a mutual agreement, under which: Gore and Hyatt had their claims waived, Al Jazeera was ordered to pay the $2.35 million in legal fees incurred by the plaintiffs, and the network forfeited its rights to pursue any indemnification claims related to the ordeal. On 13 January 2016, Al Jazeera America CEO Al Anstey announced that the network would cease operations on 12 April 2016, citing the 'economic landscape'.

Sport channels [ ]. Main article: beIN SPORTS, formerly Al Jazeera Sport channels, was legally separated from Al Jazeera Media Network on 1 January 2014 and is now controlled. BeIN SPORTS currently operates three channels in France – beIN Sport 1, beIN Sport 2 and beIN Sport MAX – and launched two channels in the United States (English and Spanish) in August 2012. The network also has a Canadian Channel and holds Canadian broadcast rights to several sports properties, The network also has an Australian channel.

BeIN Sport holds the rights to broadcast major tournaments on French television, including,, the and the. In the United States and Canada, beIN Sport holds the rights to broadcast,,,, and matches, in addition to. In October 2009 Al Jazeera acquired six sports channels of the ART. On 26 November 2009 Al Jazeera English received approval from the CRTC, which enables Al Jazeera English to broadcast via satellite in Canada. Availability [ ] The original Al Jazeera channel is available worldwide through various satellite and cable systems. For availability info of the Al Jazeera network's other TV channels, see their respective articles. Segments of Al Jazeera English are uploaded to YouTube.

Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East. Al Jazeera can be freely viewed with a DVB-S receiver in Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East as it is broadcast on the,,,,,,, and satellites. The satellite in Australia carries the channel for free and from July 2012 is available at no extra charge to all subscribers to Australia's Foxtel pay-TV service.

Al Jazeera is available in Canada on Bell Channel 516, as part of the package 'International News I.' Al Jazeera is available on individually. Al Jazeera is also available on Shaw Cable TV Channel 513, as part of the package 'Multicultural' India. On 7 December 2010, Al Jazeera said its English language service has got a downlink license to broadcast in India. Satellite and cable companies would therefore be allowed to broadcast Al Jazeera in the country. The broadcaster will be launched soon on, and is considering a Hindi-language channel.

United Kingdom. Al Jazeera English is available on the and satellite platforms, as well as the standard terrestrial service (branded ), thus making it available to the vast majority of UK households. On 26 November 2013 it launched a HD simulcast on certain terrestrial transmitters. United States. Al Jazeera English is mainly available online via its live stream on its website,, and C-band satellites. Following the launch of Al Jazeera America in 2013 until 2016 when the channel folded, Al Jazeera English was not available in the United States. It had been available through live streaming over the Al Jazeera website, DVB-S, Galaxy 19, free to air and Galaxy 23 satellites, and it had been broadcast over the air in the Washington, DC DMA by WNVC on digital channel 30-5, and on digital channel 48.2 in the New York metro area, but those broadcasts were discontinued on 20 August 2013.

Al Jazeera English had also been available to cable TV viewers in,, New York City (WRNN rebroadcast), Washington State, and Washington, D.C (a rebroadcast of WNVC's feed), but those sources were switched to Al Jazeera America on 20 August 2013. Many analysts had considered the limited availability of Al Jazeera English in the United States to be effectively a 'blackout'.

The live stream and programming over the internet that had been geoblocked was made available to viewers in the United States again in September, 2016. Al Jazeera English can be viewed over the Internet from their official website. The low-resolution version is available free of charge to users of computers and video streaming boxes, and the high-resolution version is available under subscription fees through partner sites. Al Jazeera's English division has also partnered with for Internet-based broadcasting. This enables Al Jazeera English and Al Jazeera live to be watched worldwide, with the exception of English in the United States.

On the web [ ] Al Jazeera's web-based service is accessible subscription-free throughout the world, at a variety of websites. The station launched an English-language edition of its online content in March 2003. This English language website was relaunched on 15 November 2006, along with the launch of. The English and Arabic sections are editorially distinct, with their own selection of news and comment. Al Jazeera and Al Jazeera English are streamed live on the official site, as well as on YouTube.

On 13 April 2009 Al Jazeera launched versions of its English and Arabic sites suitable for mobile devices. The Arabic version of the site was brought offline for about 10 hours by an raid on its ISP,, on 5 September 2001. InfoCom was later convicted of exporting to Syria and -ruled Libya, of knowingly being invested in by a member (both of which are illegal in the United States), and of underpaying customs duties. In 2014 Al Jazeera Media Network launched an online only channel called. The channel is based out of the former Current TV studios in San Francisco and has outposts in Doha, Kuala Lumpur and other locations. It is independent of all of Al Jazeera's other channels and is mostly in an on demand format.

The channel launched on 13 June 2014 on with a preview on YouTube. This was followed in 2017 by the launch of, a podcast network which is also based out of the former Current TV studios in San Francisco.

Creative Commons [ ] On 13 January 2009 Al Jazeera released some of its broadcast quality footage from Gaza under a license. Contrary to business 'All Rights Reserved' standards, the license invites third parties, including rival broadcasters, to reuse and remix the footage, so long as Al Jazeera is credited. The videos are hosted on, which allows easy downloading and integration with. Al Jazeera also offers over 2,000 Creative Commons-licensed still photos at their Flickr account. Citizen journalism [ ] Al Jazeera accepts user-submitted photos and videos about news events through a Your Media page, and this content may be featured on the website or in broadcasts. The channel used the platform to collect information and reports about the, through Twitter, SMS and the website. Plans [ ] Future projects in other languages include, an language channel to cater mainly to Pakistanis.

A Kiswahili service called was to be based in Nairobi and broadcast in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. However, those plans were cancelled due to budget constraints. The channel also has plans to launch a Spanish-language news network to cater mainly to Spain and, like the Iranian cable TV network.

Al Jazeera has also been reported to be planning to launch an international newspaper. Al Jazeera Arabic began using a studio on 13 September 2009. Similar to, Al Jazeera broadcast from that studio while the channel's main newsroom was given a new look. The channel relaunched, with new graphics and music along with a new studio, on 1 November 2009, the 13th birthday of the channel. Controversies associated with Al Jazeera [ ].

Main article: While Al Jazeera has a large audience in the Middle East, the organization and the original Arabic channel in particular have been criticised and involved in a number of controversies. • Bahrain In May 2000 Bahrain banned Al Jazeera's broadcasts due to the channel's comments about Bahrain's municipal elections, labelling it as 'serving Zionism'. • USA Several Al Jazeera staff were killed by U.S. Military ' incidents. The United States controlled Iraqi interim government closed the offices of Al Jazeera in in August 2004 during the. Then United States appointed Iraqi prime minister accused the channel of 'inciting hatred' in the country.

At the end of April 2013, the Iraqi government led by once again ordered Al Jazeera to stop broadcasting due to the alleged role of the channel in 'encouraging the sectarian unrest'. In response to the restrictions imposed by Al Maliki, Al Jazeera issued a statement in which the organization expressed its astonishment at the development, and reiterated their assertion that, “We cover all sides of the stories in Iraq, and have done for many years.” The network further objected to the ban, saying, “The fact that so many channels have been hit all at once though suggests this is an indiscriminate decision. We urge the authorities to uphold freedom for the media to report the important stories taking place in Iraq.'

• Egypt`s Tahrir Square During the, on 30 January the Egyptian government ordered the TV channel to close its offices. The next day Egyptian security forces arrested six Al Jazeera journalists for several hours and seized their camera equipment. There were also reports of disruption in Al Jazeera Mubasher's Broadcast to Egypt. The channel was also criticized for being sympathetic to and the and former director. Was it closed for the same reasons in September 2013. Twenty-two members of staff of Al Jazeera's Egyptian bureau announced their resignation on 8 July 2013, citing biased coverage of the in favour of the Muslim Brotherhood.

Al Jazeera says that the resignations were due to pressure from the Egyptian military. • Lebanon Al Jazeera has been criticized over unfair coverage of the. The channel's reporting has been described as largely supportive of the rebels, while demonizing the Syrian government. The Lebanese newspaper cited outtakes of interviews showing that the channel's staff coached Syrian eyewitnesses and fabricated reports of oppression by Syria's government.

In January 2013, a former Al Jazeera employee from Syria stated their belief that there was ongoing strong pressure to conform to biased coverage of the Syrian civil war. • India 5-day ban The Indian government banned the Al Jazeera TV channel in April 2015 for five telecast days as it repeatedly displayed disputed maps of India. The Surveyor General of India (SGI) had observed that in some of the maps displayed by Al Jazeera, 'a portion of Indian territory of Jammu and Kashmir (i.e. PoK and Aksai Chin) has not been shown as a part of Indian territory.'

• Israel On 19 July 2008, Al Jazeera TV broadcast a program from Lebanon that covered the 'welcome-home' festivities for, a Lebanese terrorist who had been imprisoned in Israel for killing several people in a raid from Lebanon into Israel. In the program, the head of Al Jazeera's Beirut office, Ghassan bin Jiddo, praised Kuntar as a 'pan-Arab hero' and organized a birthday party for him. In response, Israel's Government Press Office (GPO) announced a boycott of the channel, which was to include a general refusal by Israeli officials to be interviewed by the station, and a ban on its correspondents from entering government offices in Jerusalem. A few days later an official letter was issued by Al Jazeera's director general, Wadah Khanfar, in which he admitted that the program violated the station's Code of Ethics and that he had ordered the channel's programming director to take steps to ensure that such an incident does not recur.

Website attacks [ ] Immediately after its launch in 2003, the English site was attacked by one or several, who launched, and another hacker who redirected visitors to a site featuring an. Both events were widely reported as Al Jazeera's website having been attacked by 'hackers'. In November 2003, John William Racine II, also known as 'John Buffo', was sentenced to 1,000 hours of community service and a $1,500 U.S. Fine for the online disruption. Racine to get a password to the network's site, then redirected visitors to a page he created that showed an American flag shaped like a U.S.

Map and a patriotic motto, court documents said. In June 2003, Racine pleaded guilty to and unlawful interception of an electronic communication. As of 2012, the perpetrators of the denial-of-service attacks remain unknown. Shariah and Life [ ] and Life ( al-Sharīʿa wa al-Ḥayāh) is an Al Jazeera Arabic show with an estimated audience of 60 million worldwide and stars Muslim preacher, who is described as 'Islam's Spiritual 'Dear Abby'. The now defunct show has been the repeated subject of controversy. In January 2009, Qaradawi stated: 'Throughout history, Allah has imposed upon the [Jews] people who would punish them for their corruption. The last punishment was carried out by [Adolf] Hitler.'

In October 2010, Qaradawi was asked if Muslims should acquire nuclear weapons 'to terrorize their enemies.' Qaradawi said he was pleased Pakistan had such a weapon, that the goal of nuclear weapons would be permissible, and provided religious justification quoting Koranic verses urging Muslims 'to terrorize thereby the enemy of God and your enemy.' Editorial independence [ ] Al Jazeera is owned by the government of Qatar. While Al Jazeera officials have stated that they are editorially independent from the government of Qatar, this assertion has been disputed.

In 2010 internal communications, released by as part of the, said that the Qatar government manipulates Al Jazeera coverage to suit political interests. In September 2012 reported that Al Jazeera's editorial independence came into question when the channel's director of news, Salah Negm, stepped in at the last minute to order that a two-minute video covering a UN debate over the include a speech by the leader of Qatar,.

Staff members protested that the speech was not the most important aspect of the debate, and that it was a repetition of previous calls for Arab intervention. The Guardian also said in September 2012 that Qatar had taken steps in recent years to consolidate control of Al Jazeera English.

A 13 August 2015 article in on poor BBC news reporting also made reference to the political bias in Al Jazeera from the Qatar government. Documentaries [ ] • Al Jazeera's coverage of the invasion of Iraq was the focus of an award-winning 2004 documentary film, by director. • In July 2003, PBS broadcast a documentary called Exclusive to al-Jazeera on its program. • In 2008, Al Jazeera filmed, which documented trends in Egypt's political history and foreshadowed the. • Another documentary, Al Jazeera, An Arab Voice for Freedom or Demagoguery? The UNC Tour was filmed two months after 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attack. • ISIL and the Taliban.

Filmed in 2015 by an Arab Al Jazeera reporter named Najibullah Quraishi, it covers 's presence in Afghanistan and how they groom children for their causes. It is about commanders angry about Islamic State's presence, starting offensives in and 2 suicide bombers targeting Jandal, a former warlord. Awards [ ] • In March 2003, Al Jazeera was awarded by for its 'courage in circumventing censorship and contributing to the free exchange of information in the Arab world.'

• In April 2004, the nominated Al Jazeera as one of the five best news Web sites, along with,, RocketNews and. According to Tiffany Shlain, the founder of the Webby Awards, this caused a controversy as [other media organisations] 'felt it was a risk-taking site'. • In 2004, Al Jazeera was voted by brandchannel.com readers as the fifth most influential global brand behind,, and. • In January 2013, Al Jazeera was nominated for the Responsible Media of the Year award at the.

Competitors [ ] • is a pan-Arabist satellite television channel launched on 11 June 2012 in Lebanon. The channel, claims Gulf-supported media, aims at reducing the influence of the Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya networks, both funded by oil-rich Sunni Arab countries in the Persian Gulf. However, it is said to plan to present an alternative to mainstream Arab satellite media, largely dominated by these two channels.

• In response to Al Jazeera, a group of Saudi investors created in the first quarter of 2003. Despite (especially initial) skepticism over the station's Saudi funding (cf. ) and a perception of censorship of anti-Saudi content, Al Arabiya has successfully emulated Al Jazeera, garnered a significant audience share, and has also become involved in controversy – Al Arabiya has been severely criticised by the Iraqi and US authorities and has had journalists killed on the job. • In order to counter a perceived bias of Al Jazeera, the U.S. Government in 2004 founded ('the free one'). Al Hurra is forbidden to broadcast to the US under the provisions of the. A poll found that 1% of Arab viewers watch Al Hurra as their first choice.

While an Ipsos-MENA poll from March–May 2008 showed that Al Hurra was drawing more viewers in Iraq than Al Jazeera. Citing these figures,, author and former executive, referred to Al Hurra as a 'go to' network in Iraq. • Another competitor is, established in 2003 by, which broadcasts continuously. It seeks to address the most challenging issues of the Muslim and and the Middle East. • A further competitor is the channel – the first Russian TV news channel broadcasting in Arabic and headquartered in Moscow, Russia. Rusiya Al-Yaum started broadcasting on 4 May 2007.

The Channel is established and operated by, the same news agency that launched in December 2005 to deliver a Russian perspective on news to English-speaking audiences, and 'Rusiya Al-Yaum' is indeed a translation of 'Russia Today' into Arabic. • The BBC launched on 11 March 2008, an Arabic-language news channel in North Africa and the Middle East. This is the second time that the BBC has launched an Arabic language TV channel; as mentioned, the demise of the original BBC World Service Arabic TV channel had at least contributed to the founding of the original Al Jazeera Arabic TV channel. • began broadcasting in Arabic in 2002. On 12 September 2011, the German international broadcaster launched DW (Arabia), its Arabic language television channel for North Africa and the Middle East.

The network has expanded from an initial two-hour block to 16 hours of daily programming in Arabic starting March 2014. The schedule is completed with 8 hours of English language programming. In February 2014, DW (Arabia) announced the acquisition of reprise transmission rights of Egyptian satirist Bassem Youssef's popular show. • When started broadcasting its programs in Arabic on 12 July 2008, it entered into competition with Al Jazeera. Arabic is the eighth language in which Euronews is broadcast, after English, French, German, Russian, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese. • Since the launch of, Al Jazeera directly competes with and, as do a growing number of other such as,,, and. See also [ ].

• 10 News (Israel) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Bangla News TV • BeritaSatu TV • • • • • • • • • • • • • (part of ) • • • CTS News Information Channel • • • • • • • • • edaily TV • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Jordan News TV • KBS 24 News • • • • • • • Ma'an News TV • • • • (part of ) • • • • • • Myanmar News TV • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • PAK News • • • • • • • • • • • • • Sathiyam News TV • • • • Star Asia News • Such News • • • • • • • TNEWS • • • • • • • • • • • • VTV24 • • • Yemen News TV • Yemen Today • Yonhap News TV • • •.

To link to this poem, put the URL below into your page: Song of Myself by Walt Whitman Walt Whitman: Song of Myself The DayPoems Poetry Collection, editor Click to submit poems to DayPoems, comment on DayPoems or a poem within, comment on other poetry sites, update links, or simply get in touch.. Poetry Whirl Indexes Poetry Places Nodes powered by Open Directory Project at dmoz.org DayPoems Favorites, a huge collection of books as text, produced as a volunteer enterprise starting in 1990. This is the source of the first poetry placed on DayPoems., exactly what the title says, and well worth reading.: 'If a guy somewhere in Asia makes a blog and no one reads it, does it really exist?'

, miniature, minimalist-inspired sculptures created from industrial cereamics, an art project at Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon., More projects from Portland, Furby, Eliza, Mr_Friss and Miss_Friss., a Portland, Oregon, exhibit, Aug. 5, 2004, at Disjecta. D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s * D a y P o e m s Won't you help support DayPoems? Song of Myself By 1819-1892 1 I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul, I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.

My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death. Creeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard, Nature without check with original energy. 2 Houses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes, I breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall not let it. The atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is odorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the bank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in contact with me.